| Atomism | The theory, e.g. in presocratic and Epicurean thought, that the universe is made of nothing but atoms and void. This understanding gave rise to some degree of determinism. |
| Co-fatedness | The notion that one can be fated to do multiple things, e.g. call a doctor and die |
| Compatibilism | Any theory asserting that determinism does not rule out free will |
| Determinism | The theory that all action is predetermined by cause one cannot influence |
| Fatalism | The theory that, given determinism, one cannot employ free will to influence one’s own actions or anything else |
| Indeterminism | The belief that events are not caused deterministically |
| Unmoved mover | Aristotle’s construct of an entity so perfect that the various spheres in the universe are stimulated to motion out of a desire for it |